ID | Language | Source Form | Phonological Form | Notes | Cognate Class | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
80 | Hittite | alil | C |
![]() |
||
81 | Tocharian A | pyāpi | H |
![]() |
||
82 | Tocharian B | pyāpyo | H |
![]() |
||
88 | Albanian | LULE | C |
![]() |
||
143 | Standard Albanian | lule | C |
![]() |
||
2 | Albanian Sicily | LULE | C |
![]() |
||
4 | Albanian Corinth | LULE | C |
![]() |
||
3 | Albanian Gheg | LULE | C |
![]() |
||
6 | Albanian Tosk | LULE | C |
![]() |
||
110 | Ancient Greek | ἄνθος | ántʰos | G.sg. ἄνθεος | D |
![]() |
32 | Greek | λουλούδι | luˈluði |
Loanword from Albanian lul(e ...
![]() |
(C) |
![]() |
31 | Greek Lesbos | LOULOUDI | (C) |
![]() |
||
129 | Classical Armenian | ծաղիկ | całik | K |
![]() |
|
8 | Armenian Eastern | çaġik | ʦɑˈʁik | Same as CATIK/całik? | (K) |
![]() |
8 | Armenian Eastern | całik |
poss. related to 'laugh' /cognate ...
![]() |
K |
![]() |
|
7 | Armenian Western | ZAGHEG |
![]() |
|||
136 | Sogdian | ’sp’rγmy(y) | Sogdian | L |
![]() |
|
75 | Wakhi | GUL | split from DKB | (A) |
![]() |
|
75 | Wakhi | SPREGH |
split from DKB, < IE *sperHg- ...
![]() |
L |
![]() |
|
9 | Baluchi | PHUL | (E) |
![]() |
||
137 | Zazaki | gul | (A) |
![]() |
||
72 | Tajik | gul | gul | split from DKB | A |
![]() |
72 | Tajik | SUKUFA | split from DKB | M |
![]() |
|
54 | Persian | GOL | related to 'round' /cognate/2451/? | A |
![]() |
|
77 | Waziri | GUL | (A) |
![]() |
||
1 | Pashto | GUL | (A) |
![]() |
||
138 | Shughni | gul | loan | (A) |
![]() |
|
139 | Sarikoli | gыl | (A) |
![]() |
||
52 | Ossetic | didinaeg | didinæɡ | G |
![]() |
|
124 | Ossetic Iron | didinɐg | didinɐg | G |
![]() |
|
125 | Ossetic Digor | dedenɐg | dedenɐg | G |
![]() |
|
141 | Kata-viri | piš | I |
![]() |
||
105 | Vedic Sanskrit | púṣpam | I |
![]() |
||
162 | Pāḷī | puppha | I |
![]() |
||
41 | Khaskura | PHUL | E |
![]() |
||
51 | Nepali | PHUL | E |
![]() |
||
106 | Assamese | phul | phul | E |
![]() |
|
102 | Oriya | phulɔ | phulɔ | E |
![]() |
|
10 | Bengali | phul | pʰul, ful | Minimal pair with 'fruit'. | E |
![]() |
111 | Bihari | phul | phul | E |
![]() |
|
144 | Magahi | फूल | pʰul | E |
![]() |
|
104 | Marwari | phul | phul | E |
![]() |
|
104 | Marwari | sāthakā | ‘flowers’ | N |
![]() |
|
35 | Hindi | phul | pʰul | E |
![]() |
|
119 | Urdu | پُھول | pʰul | E |
![]() |
|
103 | Sindhi | phulu | E |
![]() |
||
43 | Lahnda | PHUL | E |
![]() |
||
53 | Punjabi | PHULL | E |
![]() |
||
33 | Gujarati | FUL | E |
![]() |
||
50 | Marathi | phūl | pʰu:l | E |
![]() |
|
40 | Kashmiri | GUL | (A) |
![]() |
||
40 | Kashmiri | POSH | I |
![]() |
||
65 | Sinhalese | MALA |
![]() |
|||
34 | Romani Greece | LULUGI | (C) |
![]() |
||
100 | Old Church Slavonic | цвѣтъ | tsʲvætʊ̆ | F |
![]() |
|
95 | Serbo-Croatian | cvijet | tsvjɛ̂ːt | Ekavian variant: 'cvet' [tsvɛ̂ːt]. | F |
![]() |
15 | Bulgarian | цвете | ˈtsvɛtɘ | F |
![]() |
|
92 | Macedonian | цвеќе | ˈtsvecɛ | F |
![]() |
|
60 | Russian | цвет | tsvʲɛt | F |
![]() |
|
55 | Polish | kwiat | kfjat | F |
![]() |
|
16 | Belarusian | кветка | kvʲɛtka | F |
![]() |
|
73 | Ukrainian | квітка | ˈkʋitka | F |
![]() |
|
66 | Slovak | kvet | kvɛt | F |
![]() |
|
18 | Czech | květ | kvjɛt | F |
![]() |
|
48 | Sorbian Upper | kwětka | ˈkwɪtka | F |
![]() |
|
47 | Sorbian Lower | kwětk | kwɪtk | F |
![]() |
|
97 | Slovenian | cvet | tsvêːt | F |
![]() |
|
44 | Latvian | puk̜e | < Liv. PUK'K' 'flower' | J |
![]() |
|
44 | Latvian | ziêds |
IE *gei-, gi- 'to blossom ...
![]() |
![]() |
||
46 | Lithuanian | gėlė | ɡʲe:ˈlʲe: |
prob. cognate with terms for ...
![]() |
![]() |
|
109 | Old Norse | blóm | bloːm | AF blómstr | B |
![]() |
36 | Icelandic | blóm | b̥louːm | B |
![]() |
|
23 | Faroese | blóma | ˈb̥lɔuːma | B |
![]() |
|
58 | Norwegian Riksmal | blomst | blɔmst | B |
![]() |
|
159 | Stavangersk | blåmster | ˈblɔmstəʁ | B |
![]() |
|
157 | Old Swedish | bloma | ˈbloːma | B |
![]() |
|
157 | Old Swedish | blomster | ˈblomster | B |
![]() |
|
69 | Swedish | blomma | ˈblʊ̀mːa | B |
![]() |
|
69 | Swedish | blomster | ˈblɔmstər | replaced BLOMMA. | B |
![]() |
71 | Swedish Vilhelmina | BLOMA | B |
![]() |
||
70 | Swedish Uppland | BLOMMA | B |
![]() |
||
145 | Elfdalian | bljåmme | bljɔ̀mːɛ | B |
![]() |
|
20 | Danish | blomst | b̥lʌmˀsd̥ʰ | B |
![]() |
|
158 | Danish Fjolde | blom, blåsən | blom, ˈblɔsən | B |
![]() |
|
161 | Gutnish Lau | blåumå | ˈbloumo | B |
![]() |
|
99 | Old English | blōstma | B |
![]() |
||
22 | English | flower | flaʊə | Loanword from Romance (Buck 1949 ... | (B) |
![]() |
26 | Frisian | blom | blom | B |
![]() |
|
21 | Dutch | bloem | blum | B |
![]() |
|
24 | Flemish | BLOEM | B |
![]() |
||
83 | Afrikaans | BLOM | B |
![]() |
||
87 | Sranan | BLOMIKI, BLOMETJE | B |
![]() |
||
126 | Old High German | bluomo | B |
![]() |
||
27 | German | Blume | 'blu:mə | B |
![]() |
|
86 | Pennsylvania Dutch | BLUUM | B |
![]() |
||
120 | Luxembourgish | Blumm | B |
![]() |
||
121 | German Switzerland | blueme | B |
![]() |
||
107 | Gothic | bloma | B |
![]() |
||
130 | Oscan | *fluus- | ? | B |
![]() |
|
112 | Latin | flōs | floːs | gen. flōris. | B |
![]() |
17 | Catalan | flor | flɔ, flɔ̞ɾ |
Removed final -S. Western and ...
![]() |
B |
![]() |
56 | Portuguese | flor | floɾ | B |
![]() |
|
68 | Spanish | flor | floɾ | B |
![]() |
|
61 | Sardinian Cagliari | FRORI | B |
![]() |
||
62 | Sardinian Logudoro | FIORE | B |
![]() |
||
63 | Sardinian Nuoro | FRORE | B |
![]() |
||
85 | French Creole Dominica | FLE | B |
![]() |
||
76 | Walloon | FLEUR | B |
![]() |
||
25 | French | fleur | flœʀ | B |
![]() |
|
57 | Provencal | FLOUR, FLOUS | B |
![]() |
||
42 | Ladin | FLUR | B |
![]() |
||
146 | Dolomite Ladino | fior | B |
![]() |
||
123 | Romansh | flur | B |
![]() |
||
122 | Friulian | flôr | B |
![]() |
||
122 | Friulian | rose |
![]() |
|||
39 | Italian | fiore | 'fjore | B |
![]() |
|
59 | Romanian | floare | ˈflware | B |
![]() |
|
74 | Vlach | LILICE | C |
![]() |
||
140 | Gaulish | blato- | Attested in names. | B |
![]() |
|
127 | Old Irish | scoth | scoθ |
![]() |
||
127 | Old Irish | bláth | bla:θ | B |
![]() |
|
101 | Middle Cornish | bleujen | 'blœʤɛn | B |
![]() |
|
172 | Middle Breton | bleuzuenn | ˈbløðven | Singulative of blezu, bleuzf, bleuzff | B |
![]() |
12 | Breton | bleuñvenn, bleunienn | ˈblœ̃wɛn, ˈblœ̃niɛn | B |
![]() |
|
79 | Welsh | blodyn, blodeuyn | singulative | B |
![]() |
|
38 | Irish | bláth | bˠl̪ˠaː | B |
![]() |
|
115 | Scottish Gaelic | flùr | presumably a loanword | (B) |
![]() |
|
115 | Scottish Gaelic | dìthean |
![]() |
|||
5 | [Legacy] Albanian T | lule | ˈlulɛ | C |
![]() |
|
29 | [Legacy] Greek K | ANTHOS | D |
![]() |
||
28 | [Legacy] Greek D | LOULOUDI | (C) |
![]() |
||
30 | [Legacy] Greek Md | LOULOUDI | (C) |
![]() |
||
64 | [Legacy] Serbocroatian | CVET | F |
![]() |
||
113 | [Legacy] Serbian | cvet | F |
![]() |
||
89 | [Legacy] Bulgarian P | CVETE | F |
![]() |
||
49 | [Legacy] Macedonian | CVET | F |
![]() |
||
94 | [Legacy] Russian P | CVETOK | F |
![]() |
||
93 | [Legacy] Polish P | KWIAT | F |
![]() |
||
90 | [Legacy] Byelorussian P | KVETKA | F |
![]() |
||
98 | [Legacy] Ukrainian P | KUITKA | F |
![]() |
||
19 | [Legacy] Czech E | KVITKO | F |
![]() |
||
96 | [Legacy] Slovak P | KVET | F |
![]() |
||
91 | [Legacy] Czech P | KVET | F |
![]() |
||
67 | [Legacy] Slovenian | CVET, RAZE | F |
![]() |
||
45 | [Legacy] Lithuanian O | KVIETKA | F |
![]() |
||
11 | [Legacy] Brazilian | flor | flox | Removed final -A. | B |
![]() |
142 | [Legacy] German Munich | Blume | < Pr. Germ. *blōman- ‘flower’. | B |
![]() |
|
84 | [Legacy] French Creole C | FLE | B |
![]() |
||
14 | [Legacy] Breton St | BLEUNIENN | B |
![]() |
||
13 | [Legacy] Breton Se | BLEUENN | B |
![]() |
||
78 | [Legacy] Welsh C | BLODYN | B |
![]() |
||
37 | [Legacy] Irish A | BLATH | B |
![]() |