IELex

bird

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Cognate judgements are added on this page, but deleted by the lexeme view (use the button)

Description

1. Something is moving in the bushes, I cannot tell if it is a bird or an animal.
2. Birds lay eggs, animals and people bear children.
3. There is a bird flying on high, I cannot tell what kind.

Some languages make a contrast between ‘small bird’ / ‘large bird’ or have a special word for ‘large (predatory) bird’. The contexts have been specially chosen so as to assist in revealing the more neutral term. (Kassian et al. 2010)

Language list: all
Wordlist: all

ID Language Source Form Phonological Form Notes Cognate Class
114 Proto-Indo-European *h₂éu̯(-)i- F View
80 Hittite suwais ?, related to Hitt.: šuu̯āi ... F View
81 Tocharian A salat lu 'flying animal', cf. ANIMAL M View
82 Tocharian B salamo luwo 'flying animal', cf. ANIMAL M View
88 Albanian shpend originally in CC 361. Final ... View
88 Albanian ZOGU C View
143 Standard Albanian zog "An Oriental Wanderwort, presumably of ... C View
2 Albanian Sicily ZOG C View
4 Albanian Corinth ZOK C View
3 Albanian Gheg shpend originally in CC 361. Final ... View
3 Albanian Gheg ZOGU from ie. ghāg(u)h- ... View
6 Albanian Tosk ZOK C View
173 Mycenaean Greek o-ni-ti-ja-pi orniːtʰii̯apʰi(n) Interpreted as the instrumental plural ... U View
110 Ancient Greek ὄρνῑς órniːs G.sg. ὄρνῑθος. General ... U View
110 Ancient Greek ἀετός aetós EXCLUDE. (F) View
152 Tsakonian πουλí I View
32 Greek πουλί pu'li I View
31 Greek Lesbos POULI I View
129 Classical Armenian թռչուն tʰir-tʃ͡ʰ-un Traditionally pronounced [tʰərˈtʃʰun] D View
129 Classical Armenian հաւ haw Strohmeyer 1983 concludes that, in ... (F) View
8 Armenian Eastern թռչուն tʰərˈʧʰun Martirosyan has T'IṘ- 'to ... D View
7 Armenian Western թռչուն tʰərˈʧʰun D View
7 Armenian Western հավ hav “hen” (F) View
128 Avestan vīš F View
136 Sogdian mrγ’ Sogdian A View
174 Khotanese murä A View
75 Wakhi UNGUS O View
9 Baluchi MURGH A View
118 Kurdish çivîk Q View
118 Kurdish balinde J View
137 Zazaki ṭeyr (N) View
137 Zazaki mirīčik A View
72 Tajik parranda paɾːan’da J View
54 Persian MORGH from Sanskrit: mṛga- 'wild animal' A View
54 Persian parande pʰæɾænˈde J View
77 Waziri MARGHAI A View
1 Pashto MURGE A View
138 Shughni parandā (J) View
139 Sarikoli ǰarindo R View
139 Sarikoli qыš S View
139 Sarikoli waδič P View
52 Ossetic marg' marʁ A View
124 Ossetic Iron marg marg A View
124 Ossetic Iron c'iw c'iw View
125 Ossetic Digor marg marg A View
125 Ossetic Digor č'ew č'ew View
154 Vasi-vari nĩj(ə), nyīnċ A View
153 Askunu niŋasä A View
105 Vedic Sanskrit pakṣin- from pakṣa- 'wing' (E) View
105 Vedic Sanskrit vḗs F View
162 Pāḷī pakkhin E View
41 Khaskura CHARA originally CC 754 K View
41 Khaskura PANCHHI E View
51 Nepali CARO originally CC 754 K View
106 Assamese pākhiyā Mayang, AF pɔkhiu E View
106 Assamese sarāi K View
102 Oriya pɔkhi pɔkhi E View
10 Bengali pakhi pakʰi E View
111 Bihari cirəi cirəi K View
144 Magahi चिंरईं ciɽəĩ K View
104 Marwari pãkhērū E View
104 Marwari chirkalī ‘bird, house sparrow’ K View
35 Hindi PEKSI (E) View
35 Hindi chidiya tʃɪɽɪjɑ K View
119 Urdu پرِندہ pɾɪnd̪əh J View
103 Sindhi pakhī E View
43 Lahnda PERINDA (J) View
53 Punjabi PENCHI E View
33 Gujarati PENKHI, PEKSI E View
50 Marathi paksī pək'ʂi (E) View
40 Kashmiri PANKHI E View
40 Kashmiri JANAWAR (T) View
65 Sinhalese KURULLA K View
34 Romani Greece CIRIKLI originally CC 754 K View
100 Old Church Slavonic пътица pʊ̆titsʲa H View
95 Serbo-Croatian ptica ˈptîtsa H View
15 Bulgarian птица ˈptitsə H View
92 Macedonian птица ˈptitsa H View
60 Russian птица 'ptʲitsa H View
55 Polish ptak ptak H View
16 Belarusian птушка ˈptuʂka An alternative lexeme is 'птах ... H View
73 Ukrainian птах ptax H View
66 Slovak vták ˈftaːk H View
18 Czech pták ptaːk H View
48 Sorbian Upper ptačk (p)tatʃk Formally a diminutive, 'ptak' is ... H View
47 Sorbian Lower ptašk ptaʂk H View
97 Slovenian ptica ˈptǐːtsa H View
108 Old Prussian pippalins apl. = appelativum?, AF pepelis, same ... View
44 Latvian putns H View
46 Lithuanian paukstis ˈpɐukʲʃʲtʲɪs H View
109 Old Norse fugl fuɣl B View
36 Icelandic fugl fʏɡ̊l B View
23 Faroese fuglur ˈfʊɡ̊lʊɹ B View
58 Norwegian Riksmal fugl fʉːl B View
159 Stavangersk foɡɡel ˈfuɡːəl B View
157 Old Swedish fughl fuːɣl B View
69 Swedish fågel ˈfo:gəl B View
71 Swedish Vilhelmina FOGAL B View
70 Swedish Uppland FAGEL B View
145 Elfdalian fugel fʉ́gɛl B View
20 Danish fugl fuˀl ˈfuːlə in composition. B View
158 Danish Fjolde fåvl fɔwl B View
160 Old Gutnish fugl Only dat.pl. fuglum attested B View
161 Gutnish Lau fäugäl ˈfɛuɡɛl B View
99 Old English fugol B View
22 English bird bɜ:d origin unknown View
26 Frisian fûgel fu(:)gəl B View
21 Dutch vogel 'voɣəl B View
24 Flemish VOGEL B View
83 Afrikaans VOEL B View
87 Sranan FOUWLOE B View
126 Old High German fugal B View
27 German Vogel 'fo:gl̩ B View
86 Pennsylvania Dutch FUGGEL B View
120 Luxembourgish Vull B View
121 German Switzerland fogu B View
107 Gothic fugls B View
132 Umbrian avif acc. pl. F View
112 Latin auis ˈawis G.sg. auis F View
17 Catalan ocell u'seʎ Changed from AUCELL. F View
17 Catalan moixó mu'ʃo Dietz (1864: 305) gives MOXO ... View
56 Portuguese pássaro ˈpasɐɾu < Lat passer 'sparrow', later VulgLat ... View
56 Portuguese ave ˈavɨ F View
68 Spanish pájaro 'paxaɾo < Lat passer 'sparrow', later VulgLat ... G View
68 Spanish AVE F View
61 Sardinian Cagliari PILLONI H View
62 Sardinian Logudoro PUZZONE H View
63 Sardinian Nuoro PUTHTHONE H View
85 French Creole Dominica ZWEZO F View
76 Walloon OUHE F View
25 French oiseau wazo F View
57 Provencal aucèl awˈsɛl Changed from AUCEU. F View
42 Ladin UTSCHE F View
146 Dolomite Ladino ucél, guzel guzel is from the online ... F View
123 Romansh utschals, utschi F View
122 Friulian uciel F View
39 Italian uccello ut'tʃɛllo F View
59 Romanian pasăre fr. Lat.: passer 'sparrow' (Buck) G View
74 Vlach PULU H View
140 Gaulish etno- Attested in a theonym Etnosus ... G View
127 Old Irish én e:n < IE *pet-no- ‘to fly’. G View
149 Old Cornish hethen G View
101 Middle Cornish edhen 'ɛðɛn G View
148 Old Breton etn G View
172 Middle Breton ezn, ezen, ezenn ˈeðn Middle Breton ezn is attested ... G View
172 Middle Breton lapoucc, labouçc ˈlaːpus Middle Breton lapoucc is only ... L View
12 Breton labous ˈlaːbus L View
12 Breton evn ˈẽvn, ˈẽwn, ẽːn G View
150 Old Welsh etn G View
79 Welsh edn G View
38 Irish éan eːnˠ G View
115 Scottish Gaelic eun G View
147 Manx eean G View
5 [Legacy] Albanian T zog zɔg phonemic zɔg is [zɔk] in ... C View
29 [Legacy] Greek K PTENON G View
28 [Legacy] Greek D POULI I View
30 [Legacy] Greek Md POULI I View
64 [Legacy] Serbocroatian PTICA H View
113 [Legacy] Serbian ptica H View
89 [Legacy] Bulgarian P PTICA H View
49 [Legacy] Macedonian ptica ˈpti.ʦa H View
94 [Legacy] Russian P PTICA H View
93 [Legacy] Polish P PTAK H View
90 [Legacy] Byelorussian P PTACH H View
98 [Legacy] Ukrainian P PTACH H View
19 [Legacy] Czech E FTAK H View
96 [Legacy] Slovak P VTAK H View
91 [Legacy] Czech P PTAK H View
67 [Legacy] Slovenian TICK H View
45 [Legacy] Lithuanian O PAUKSTIS H View
11 [Legacy] Brazilian pássaro ˈpasaɾu < Lat passer 'sparrow', later VulgLat ... View
11 [Legacy] Brazilian AVE F View
142 [Legacy] German Munich Vogel < Pr. Germ. *fugla- ‘bird’. B View
84 [Legacy] French Creole C ZIBYE (BIG), ZWEZO (SMALL) F View
14 [Legacy] Breton St labous 'la:bus L View
14 [Legacy] Breton St evn 'ẽwn Removed (NE). G View
13 [Legacy] Breton Se EN G View
78 [Legacy] Welsh C ADERYN G View
37 [Legacy] Irish A EAN G View