ID | Language | Source Form | Phonological Form | Notes | Cognate Class | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
114 | Proto-Indo-European | *kʷe | O |
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114 | Proto-Indo-European | *de |
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80 | Hittite | -Ca ~ -ya | clitics | R |
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133 | Luvian | -ha | R |
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134 | Lycian | -ke | R |
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134 | Lycian | se |
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135 | Palaic | -a/-ya | R |
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81 | Tocharian A | śkaṃ | O |
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82 | Tocharian B | ṣp |
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88 | Albanian | ENE, NE, E | C |
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143 | Standard Albanian | dhe |
Orel gives edhe (1998: 85 ...
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C |
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2 | Albanian Sicily | E | C |
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4 | Albanian Corinth | EDHE | C |
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3 | Albanian Gheg | ENE, NE, E | C |
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6 | Albanian Tosk | DHE | C |
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173 | Mycenaean Greek | -qe | -kʷe |
Most widely attested conjunctive particle ...
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O |
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110 | Ancient Greek | καί | kái̯ | Conjunction, coordinating words and clauses. | J |
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110 | Ancient Greek | τε | te | EXCLUDE. enclitic | (O) |
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32 | Greek | και | ce̞ | Sandhi form κ(ι). | J |
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31 | Greek Lesbos | KAI | J |
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129 | Classical Armenian | եւ | ɛu̯ |
Traditionally pronounced [jɛʋ]; contrast with ...
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D |
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8 | Armenian Eastern | u |
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8 | Armenian Eastern | և | jɛv | D |
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7 | Armenian Western | եւ | jɛv | D |
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128 | Avestan | ča | Clitic | O |
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128 | Avestan | uta |
Non-clitic vs. ca, probably not ...
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X |
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131 | Old Persian | utā | X |
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131 | Old Persian | -čā | O |
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136 | Sogdian | 't, 'ty | Beside rty | X |
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174 | Khotanese | u | u | X |
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75 | Wakhi | ET, SE, WOZ |
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9 | Baluchi | GUDA, DI, WA, O | E |
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137 | Zazaki | ū | X |
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137 | Zazaki | kī |
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72 | Tajik | VA | E |
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54 | Persian | VA | E |
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77 | Waziri | AU | E |
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1 | Pashto | AU | E |
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138 | Shughni | atā |
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139 | Sarikoli | at |
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139 | Sarikoli | xы |
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52 | Ossetic | aemae | æmæ | Q |
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124 | Ossetic Iron | ɐmɐ | ɐmɐ | Q |
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125 | Ossetic Digor | ɐma | ɐma | Q |
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105 | Vedic Sanskrit | utá | Non-clitic vs.ca | X |
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105 | Vedic Sanskrit | ca | Clitic | O |
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162 | Pāḷī | ca | (O) |
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41 | Khaskura | ARU, RA | A |
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51 | Nepali | AU, RA | A |
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106 | Assamese | ākkhurum | Mayang | V |
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106 | Assamese | baro | Mayang | U |
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106 | Assamese | āru | A |
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102 | Oriya | o | o | AF au | A |
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10 | Bengali | ar | ɑːɹ | split from DKB | A |
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10 | Bengali | ebon | ebɔŋ | split from DKB | P |
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111 | Bihari | tathā | L |
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111 | Bihari | aur | aur | A |
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111 | Bihari | ebã | P |
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144 | Magahi | आउ | ɑʊ | A |
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104 | Marwari | ər | ər | A |
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104 | Marwari | năĭ | S |
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104 | Marwari | ōr | A |
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35 | Hindi | OR | A |
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119 | Urdu | اور | ʔɔɾ | A |
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103 | Sindhi | aũ | AF? aĩ | A |
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103 | Sindhi | ɛ̃ | ɛ̃ | T |
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43 | Lahnda | TE | L |
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53 | Punjabi | TE | L |
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33 | Gujarati | ANE | split from DKB | K |
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33 | Gujarati | TATHA | split from DKB | L |
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50 | Marathi | āni | 'ani | K |
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40 | Kashmiri | TA | L |
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65 | Sinhalese | SAHA |
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34 | Romani Greece | DA | L |
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100 | Old Church Slavonic | и | i | H |
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95 | Serbo-Croatian | i | i | H |
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15 | Bulgarian | и | i | H |
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92 | Macedonian | и | i | H |
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60 | Russian | и | i | H |
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55 | Polish | i | i | H |
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16 | Belarusian | і | i | H |
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73 | Ukrainian | і | i |
Depending on the phonetic context ...
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H |
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66 | Slovak | a | a |
An alternative lexeme is 'i ...
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W |
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18 | Czech | a | a |
An alternative lexeme is 'i ...
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W |
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48 | Sorbian Upper | a | a | W |
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47 | Sorbian Lower | a | a | W |
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97 | Slovenian | in | in | H |
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108 | Old Prussian | bhe |
< IE *bhe, bho 'forsooth'? (Walde ...
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44 | Latvian | ùn | N |
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46 | Lithuanian | ir̃ | M |
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109 | Old Norse | ok | ɔk | I |
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36 | Icelandic | og | ɔːɣ | I |
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23 | Faroese | og | oː | I |
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58 | Norwegian Riksmal | og | ɔː(ɡ) | I |
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159 | Stavangersk | å | oː | I |
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157 | Old Swedish | ok | ok | I |
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69 | Swedish | och | ɔ(kː) | I |
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71 | Swedish Vilhelmina | A |
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70 | Swedish Uppland | OCH | I |
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145 | Elfdalian | og | oːg | I |
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20 | Danish | og | ɒw, ʌ | I |
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158 | Danish Fjolde | a | ɑ | I |
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160 | Old Gutnish | oc | I |
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161 | Gutnish Lau | u | u | I |
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99 | Old English | and | B |
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22 | English | and | ænd | B |
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26 | Frisian | en | ɛn | B |
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21 | Dutch | en | ɛn | B |
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24 | Flemish | EN | B |
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83 | Afrikaans | EN | B |
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87 | Sranan | NANGA | split from DKB |
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87 | Sranan | EN | split from DKB | B |
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126 | Old High German | inti | B |
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27 | German | und | ʊnt | B |
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86 | Pennsylvania Dutch | UUN | B |
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120 | Luxembourgish | an | B |
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121 | German Switzerland | und | B |
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107 | Gothic | jah |
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130 | Oscan | ílím |
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132 | Umbrian | et | F |
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112 | Latin | et | et | F |
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17 | Catalan | i | i | Removed E, Y. | F |
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56 | Portuguese | e | i | F |
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68 | Spanish | y | i | F |
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61 | Sardinian Cagliari | E | F |
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62 | Sardinian Logudoro | E E | F |
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63 | Sardinian Nuoro | E | F |
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85 | French Creole Dominica | EPI | F |
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76 | Walloon | ET | F |
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25 | French | et | e | F |
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57 | Provencal | E, EME, EMAI | F |
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42 | Ladin | E, ED | F |
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146 | Dolomite Ladino | e | F |
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123 | Romansh | e, ed | F |
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122 | Friulian | e | F |
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39 | Italian | e, ed | e, ed |
The form 'ed' only appears ...
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F |
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59 | Romanian | IAR | M |
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59 | Romanian | și | ʃi | Cognate with /lexeme/17489/? |
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74 | Vlach | SE |
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140 | Gaulish | etic | Etymology *eti-kʷe | F, O |
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127 | Old Irish | ocus | ogus | G |
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101 | Middle Cornish | ha(g) | ha(g) | G |
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172 | Middle Breton | ha, hag | a, aɡ |
Ha before consonant, hag before ...
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G |
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12 | Breton | ha(g) | a, aɡ | G |
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79 | Welsh | a | a: | G |
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38 | Irish | agus | ˈaɡəs | G |
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115 | Scottish Gaelic | agus | G |
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5 | [Legacy] Albanian T | dhe | ðɛ | DKB has: EDHE | C |
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29 | [Legacy] Greek K | KAI | J |
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28 | [Legacy] Greek D | KAI | J |
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30 | [Legacy] Greek Md | KAI, ME | J |
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64 | [Legacy] Serbocroatian | I | H |
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113 | [Legacy] Serbian | i | i | H |
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89 | [Legacy] Bulgarian P | I | H |
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49 | [Legacy] Macedonian | I | split from DKB | H |
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49 | [Legacy] Macedonian | PA | split from DKB |
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94 | [Legacy] Russian P | I | H |
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93 | [Legacy] Polish P | I | H |
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90 | [Legacy] Byelorussian P | I | H |
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98 | [Legacy] Ukrainian P | I | H |
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19 | [Legacy] Czech E | AY | H |
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96 | [Legacy] Slovak P | I | H |
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91 | [Legacy] Czech P | I | H |
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67 | [Legacy] Slovenian | IN |
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45 | [Legacy] Lithuanian O | IR | M |
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11 | [Legacy] Brazilian | E | F |
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142 | [Legacy] German Munich | und | B |
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84 | [Legacy] French Creole C | EPI, E | F |
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14 | [Legacy] Breton St | ha | a |
Removed HAG as is an ...
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G |
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13 | [Legacy] Breton Se | HA, HAG | G |
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78 | [Legacy] Welsh C | A | G |
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37 | [Legacy] Irish A | AGUS | G |
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