IELex :: Breton (all)

Meaning list:

ID	Meaning	Source Form	Phonological Form	Gloss	Notes	nCog
82	I	me	ˈmeː			1
1	all	holl	ˈɔlː			1
2	and	ha(g)	a, aɡ			1
3	animal	loen	ˈlwẽːn, ˈlɔ̃ːn			1
3	animal	aneval	ãˈneːval	animal		2
4	ashes	ludu	ˈlyːdy	ashes		1
5	at	e(n)	e, en			1
6	back	kein	ˈkɛjn			1
7	bad	fall	ˈfalː			1
7	bad	drouk	ˈdruːk	evil, nasty, mean; also angry		1
7	bad	gwall	ˈgwalː			1
8	bark	rusk	ˈrysk		Collective	1
9	because	abalamour	ˌabaˈlɑ̃mur, aˈblɑ̃mǝr, blɑ̃m	due to, because of, because, so that, in order that		1
9	because	dre ma	dre ma	because, as	contains the preposition dre 'by, ...	2
9	because	o veza ma	o ˈveːza ma (veǝ, veɑ̃)	given that	contains the particle o + ...	1
9	because	peogwir	pewˈgɥiːr	since	Developed from the phrase Leoneg ...	0
9	because	rag ma, rak ma	rak ma	because	contains the preposition rag, rak ...	2
10	belly	tor	ˈtoːr	paunch, belly, flank		1
10	belly	kof	ˈkoːf			1
11	big	bras	ˈbraːs		prob. from Lat.: grossus 'thick, ...	2
12	bird	labous	ˈlaːbus	bird, chick		1
12	bird	evn	ˈẽvn, ˈẽwn, ẽːn	bird, chick		1
13	bite	krogiñ, kregiñ	ˈkroːgĩ, ˈkreːgĩ	to hook, to catch, to grap, to seize, to bite (dog)		2
14	black	du	ˈdyː			1
15	blood	gwad	ˈgwɑːt	blood		1
16	blow	c'hwezhañ	ˈxweːzã	to blow		1
17	bone	askorn	ˈaskɔrn	bone; stone or kernel (of a fruit)	According to Schrijver (1995, 53-55) ...	1
18	breast	bronn	ˈbrɔ̃nː	breast, tit, something outstanding		1
19	breathe	analañ, analiñ	ãˈnɑːlã	to breathe, to pant		0
19	breathe	c'hwezhañ, c'houeza	ˈxweːzã	to blow	AF: DIC'HOUEZA, see 'blow' in ...	0
19	breathe	tennañ e anal	ˈtɛnːã e ˈãːnal	to breathe	Light-verb construction, literally 'to draw ...	1
20	burn	loskañ, leskiñ	ˈlɔskã, ˈleskĩ	to burn, to burn to ashes		1
21	child	bugel	ˈbyːɡɛl			1
22	cloud	koumoulenn	kuˈmuːlɛn	cloud	Singulative. The corresponding collective is ...	1
23	cold	yen	ˈjẽːn	cold (in physical and in moral sense, cruel)		1
24	come	dont	ˈdɔ̃nt	to come		1
25	count	jedañ, jediñ	ˈʒeːdã, ˈʒeːdĩ	to count		0
25	count	kontañ	ˈkɔ̃ntã	to count; to tell, to relate		1
25	count	niveriñ	niˈveːrĩ	to count, to number, to enumerate	From niver 'number'	2
26	cut	troc'hañ	ˈtroːɣã	to cut, to cut off		1
26	cut	skejañ	ˈskeːʒã		split from DKB	1
27	day	deiz	ˈdɛj(s), ˈdeː	day		1
28	die	mervel	ˈmɛrvɛl	to die, to turn off, to extinguish, to become insensible (limbs)		1
29	dig	kawañ, kawiñ	ˈkawɑ̃, ˈkaːvǝ, ˈkaɥɛɲ	to dig, to excavate	EXCLUDED. Seems to be extremely ...	1
29	dig	kleuzañ	ˈkløːzã	to dig, to indent		1
29	dig	TOULLA			split from DKB	1
30	dirty	lastez	ˈlaste(s)	refuse, filth	Collective noun, which can used ...	0
30	dirty	lous	ˈluːs	dirty		1
30	dirty	FANK			split from DKB	0
30	dirty	louan, loued		grey, hairy, modly	EXCLUDED. Not the Swadesh term. ...	1
30	dirty	loudour	ˈluːdur	dirty, messy, untidy, Fr. malpropre	Can be used as a ...	0
30	dirty	louidik			EXCLUDED. Not contained in the ...	1
31	dog	ki	ˈkiː	dog		1
32	drink	evañ	ˈeːvã	to drink		1
33	dry	sec'h	ˈseːx	dry	The inherited word, hesk 'dry' ...	2
34	dull	TALTOUZA			split from DKB	1
34	dull	KIZA			split from DKB	0
34	dull	dall	ˈdalː	blind, dull		1
35	dust	poultr	ˈpult(r)	powder, dust		2
36	ear	skouarn	ˈskuːarn, ˈskwarn	ear, gills (of fish), handle,		1
37	earth	douar	ˈduːar	earth, soil, ground, territory		1
38	eat	debriñ	ˈdebrĩ	to eat		1
39	egg	ui, vi	ˈviː, ˈɥiː	egg, gonad, larva		1
40	eye	lagad	ˈlɑːgat	eye, eyelet		1
41	fall	kouezhañ	ˈkweː(z)ã	to fall, to fall due		1
42	far	lark		large, spacious	EXCLUDED. Not the Swadesh term	0
42	far	pell	ˈpɛlː	far, long, for a long time		1
42	far	diabell	diaˈbɛl	far away, from far, horizon, perspective	EXCLUDED. Rare and not the ...	1
43	fat	lard	ˈlart	fat	noun and adjective	1
44	father	tad	ˈtaːt	father; also male (of bird etc.), champion		1
45	fear	doujañ	ˈduːʒã	to dread, to make respect, to respect	EXCLUDED. Not the Swadesh term.	1
45	fear	kaout (endevout) aon	ˈkɔwd ˈãwn	to fear	Light-verb construction: 'to have fear'.	1
46	feather	pluenn, pluñvenn	ˈplyːɛn, ˈplỹːven	feather, trigger, bolt	Singulative. The corresponding collective is ...	2
47	few	nebeut	ˈneːbøt	few, a few, some		1
48	fight	kannañ	ˈkãnːã	to fight, to hit; to bleach, to wash		1
49	fingernail	ivin	ˈiːvin	fingernail		1
50	fire	tan	ˈtãːn	fire, ardour		1
51	fish	pesk	ˈpesk	fish		2
52	five	pemp	ˈpɛmp, ˈpẽmp	five		1
53	float	flodiñ, flodañ	ˈfloːdĩ, ˈfloːdã	to float	also flotañ, -iñ	2
53	float	NEUI, BEZA WAR NEUN, WAR VORDO				1
54	flow	redek	ˈreːdǝg-k	to run, also to flow		1
54	flow	BERA			split from DKB	1
54	flow	DIVERA			split from DKB	1
55	flower	bleuñvenn, bleunienn	ˈblœ̃wɛn, ˈblœ̃niɛn	flower		1
56	fly	nijal	ˈniːʒal	to fly		1
57	fog	LUGENN				1
57	fog	LATAR				1
57	fog	MOGIDELL			prob. fr. MOG 'hearth', this ...	0
57	fog	morenn			related to MOR 'sea'? singulative ...	0
57	fog	brumenn	ˈbrymːɛn, ˈbrymɛn	mist, fog	Difficult to ascertain which of ...	2
57	fog	LUSENN				1
58	foot	troad	ˈtrwɑːt	foot		1
59	four	pevar	ˈpeːvar	four	pevar (m.), peder (f.)	1
60	freeze	reviñ	ˈreːvĩ	to freeze, to decay		1
61	fruit	frouezh, frwezh	ˈfrweːs	fruit		2
62	full	leun	ˈløːn	full, complete, whole; also covered		1
63	give	reiñ				1
64	good	da				1
64	good	mat	ˈmaːt	good		1
65	grass	geot				1
65	grass	LETON				0
66	green	glas	ˈglaːs	green (vegetable); blue; grey, dirty, pallid; fresh (wind)		1
66	green	gwer			generally artificial	2
67	guts	bouzellen				1
68	hair	blev, blew, bleo	ˈblɛw	hair(s), hair of skalp, coat (of animal)		1
69	hand	dorn	ˈdɔrn	hand, fist		1
70	he	eñ, eñv	ẽː, ẽw	he		1
71	head	penn	ˈpɛnː	head; chief; end, top; ear		1
72	hear	klevet	ˈklɛːvɛt	to hear, to feel		1
73	heart	kalon	ˈkaːlon	heart, soul		1
74	heavy	ponner, pounner	'pɔ̃nɛr, 'pũnɛr	heavy; grave, serious, exaggerated		2
75	here	amañ	ˈɑ̃mɑ̃	here, from here		1
76	hit	skoiñ, skeiñ	ˈskoi, ˈskei	to beat, to hit;to paralyse, to run aground (boat); to ring; to direct (oneself)		1
77	hold	dalc'hen, delc'her, derc'hel	ˈdalxen, ˈdɛlxɛr, ˈdɛrxɛl	to hold; to keep, to support, to maintain		1
78	horn	korn	ˈkɔrn	corner, edge; horn (of animal); horn (musical instrument), pioe		1
79	how	penaos	peˈnoːs	how		1
80	hunt	hemolc'hiñ	heˈmolxĩ	to chase, to exhaust, to tire out, to pull down; to be in rut (cow or bull)	Unclear if this is the ...	1
80	hunt	chaseal, chasseal	ʃaˈseal	to hunt, to send off, to expel		2
81	husband	pried				1
81	husband	gwaz				1
81	husband	ozac'h	ˈoːzax	grown up and married man; head of household / family / farm)	Can be used in certain ...	1
83	ice	skorn	ˈskɔrn	ice		1
84	if	ma	ma	that, if	Subordinating conjunction	1
85	in	en, e	e, en	in, at		1
86	kill	lazañ	ˈlaːzã	to kill, to turn off, to extinguish, to offend		1
87	knee	glin	ˈgliːn	knee		1
88	know	gouzout	ˈguːzut	to know	Compound of Old Breton guid-, ...	1
89	lake	lenn	ˈlɛnː	lake, pond; basin, wash house		1
89	lake	loc'h				1
90	laugh	c'hoarzhin	ˈxwarzin	to laugh; to smile		1
91	leaf	delienn	ˈdeljen	leaf (of tree etc.)	singulative	1
92	left	kleiz	ˈklɛjs	left, left-side; left-handed, short-tempered		1
93	leg	gar	ˈgaːr	jambe		1
94	lie	bezañ en e c'hourvez/bezañ gourvezet	ˈbeːzã en e ˈxurves/ˈbeːzã gurˈveːzet	to lie	Light-verb constructions. 1. bezañ 'to ...	1
95	live	bevañ	ˈbeːwã	to live, to nourrish		1
96	liver	avu	ˈaːvy	liver		1
97	long	hir	ˈhiːr, ˈiːr	long (distance and time)		1
98	louse	laouenn	ˈlauɛn	louse	Singulative; the corresponding collective is ...	1
99	man	paotr				0
99	man	den	ˈdẽːn	human being; man, husband, person	Not the Swadesh term if ...	1
100	many	kalz	ˈkals	many, much		1
101	meat	kig	ˈkiːk	flesh, meat		1
102	moon	loar	ˈlwaːr, ˈloar	moon		2
103	mother	mamm	ˈmamː, mɑ̃mː	mother, mommy		1
104	mountain	menez	ˈmeːnǝs	mountain, mount		1
105	mouth	genoù	ˈgeːnu, ˈgeːnow	mouth		1
106	name	anv, anw, ano	ˈɑ̃nw, ˈɑ̃ːno	name		1
107	narrow	moan		thin, slim, small, slight, gracious	EXCLUDED.	1
107	narrow	strizh	striːs	narrow; strict, rigoureux, stern		1
107	narrow	enk	eŋ-k	narrow, cramped, tiny	Ex. un toull enk, re ...	1
108	near	nes		nearer; near, close, intimate	EXCULDED. Comparative. Although the comparative ...	0
108	near	tost	ˈtɔst	near; almost; sparing, severe		1
108	near	e-kichen		next to, nearby	EXCLUDED.	0
109	neck	gouzoug	ˈguːzuk, ˈguːk	neck, throat		1
110	new	nevez	ˈneːves, ˈneːvǝ	new; recent, novel, fresh		1
111	night	noz	ˈnoːs	night, evening		1
112	nose	fri	ˈfriː	nose		1
113	not	ne ... ket	ne ... ket	not	Ne is the negator used ...	1
113	not	na, nag ... ket	na, nac ... ket	not	EXCLUDED. Verbal negator in subordinate ...	1
114	old	kozh	ˈkoːs	old, ancient, wretched		1
114	old	HIR-HOALET			HIR 'long' < IE *sēi ...	0
115	one	un, unan	yn, ˈynan	one	Un is used adjectivally, unan ...	1
116	other	all, arall	ˈalː, aˈralː	other, next	arall is the reduplicated form ...	1
117	person	den	ˈdeːn	human being; man, husband, person		1
118	play	EBATA			split from DKB	0
118	play	c'hoari	ˈxoaːri, ˈxwaːri	to play, to play music		1
119	pull	tennañ	ˈtɛnːã	to pull, to remove (oneself), to take away		1
119	pull	sachañ				1
120	push	ˈboutañ, ˈbountañ	ˈbutã, ˈbuntã	to push, to kick (away), to cut, to stick, to get rancid (butter)		1
120	push	poulzañ	ˈpulsã	to push, to cough, to tarnish		2
121	rain	glav, glaw, glao	ˈglaw	rain		1
122	red	ruz	ˈryː, ˈryːz	red		1
123	right	EEUN				1
123	right	GWIRION				1
123	right	reizh	ˈreːjs, ˈreːs	right, straight, just, correct		1
123	right	REIZEK		legitimate	EXCLUDED. Not the Swadesh term.	1
124	rightside	dehoù	ˈdeːhoʷ, ˈdeː(h)u	rightside, south		1
125	river	ster				1
126	road	hent	ˈhent, ˈent	way, road		1
127	root	gwrizienn	ˈg(w)ri(z)jɛn	root	singulative	1
128	rope	kordenn	ˈkɔrdɛn	rope, fishing line		2
129	rotten	brein	ˈbrejn	rotten, being in a bad state, uncultivated		1
130	round	ront	ˈront	round		2
130	round	krenn	ˈkrɛnː	average, neat, complete, round		1
131	rub	frotañ	ˈfrɔtã	to rub, to thrash		2
131	rub	RENVIA				1
131	rub	rimiañ, rimiat		to scrape, to scrape off, to rub	EXCLUDED.	1
131	rub	SKRABARUZA			see /cognate/2888/	0
132	salt	holen	ˈhoːlen, ˈoːlen	salt		1
133	sand	traezh	ˈtrɛːz	sand; shore, beach		1
134	say	lavared	laˈvaːred	to say, to promise		1
135	scratch	skrabat, kravat				1
136	sea	mor				1
137	see	gwelet				1
138	seed	had				1
139	sew	gwriat				1
140	sharp	lemm				1
141	short	berr				1
142	sing	kanañ				1
143	sit	azezañ				1
144	skin	kroc'hen				1
145	sky	NENV			may be cogn. with /cognate/1172/, ...	0
146	sleep	kousket				1
146	sleep	HUNIA			AF: HUNI; 'sleep' (n.)	1
147	small	bihan				1
148	smell	EUR C'HOUEZ				1
148	smell	klevet			split from DKB	1
149	smoke	moged				1
150	smooth	lintr			split from DKB	0
150	smooth	LUFR			split from DKB	0
150	smooth	KUNV			split from DKB, 'dear, nice' ...	0
150	smooth	levn				1
150	smooth	KOMPEZ			split from DKB, prob. fr. ...	0
151	snake	naer, aer				1
152	snow	erc'h				1
153	some	bennak				1
154	spit	tufat				1
154	spit	SKOPA			split from DKB	1
154	spit	KRANCHAT			split from DKB	1
155	split	faoutañ				1
156	squeeze	gwaskañ				1
156	squeeze	STARDA, STENNA				0
157	stab	goustilhañ				0
158	stand	sav (nn.)				1
159	star	stered				1
160	stick	bazh				1
161	stone	maen				1
161	stone	karreg				1
162	straight	eeun				1
163	suck	sunañ				1
163	suck	denañ				1
164	sun	heol				1
165	swell	c'hwezan			split from DKB	1
165	swell	PENBOUFI			split from DKB	0
165	swell	STAMBOUC'HA			split from DKB	0
166	swim	neuñv				1
167	tail	lost				1
168	that	se			an dra se	1
169	there	aze				1
170	they	i				1
171	thick	tev				1
172	thin	tano			split from DKB	1
172	thin	moan			split from DKB	1
173	think	sonjal				1
173	think	prederiañ				1
174	this	mañ			hemañ, an dre mañ	1
175	thou	te				1
176	three	tri (m.), teir (f.)				1
177	throw	taoliñ				1
178	tie	ereñ			STAGA < OF. ESTACHIER, ATACHIR ...	0
178	tie	liammañ		to tie	Used in the same context ...	0
179	tongue	teod				1
180	tooth	dant				1
181	tree	gwez				1
182	turn	troiñ				1
182	turn	TURGNA				0
183	two	daou (m.), div (f.)				1
184	vomit	DISTEUREL			split from DKB, prob. fr. ...	0
184	vomit	c'hwedañ			split from DKB	1
184	vomit	dislonkañ			split from DKB	1
185	walk	kerzhet				1
186	warm	tomm				1
187	wash	gwalc'hiñ				1
188	water	dour				1
189	we	ni				1
190	wet	gleb				1
191	what	petra				2
192	when	pegoulz				1
193	where	pelec'h				1
194	white	gwenn				1
195	who	piv				1
196	wide	ec'hon	ˈeːɣõn	vast		1
196	wide	ledan	ˈleːdɑ̃n	wide		1
196	wide	lark	larg-k	wide, broad, generous		1
196	wide	frank	frɑ̃ŋ-k	free, libereated, broad, vaste	EXCLUDED.	1
197	wife	pried	ˈpriːɛd-t	spouse	EXCUDED. < Lat. PRIVATUS 'one's ...	0
197	wife	gwreg	gwreːg-k	wife, (married) woman		1
198	wind	avel	ˈaːvɛɭ	wind		1
199	wing	askell	ˈaskɛɭ	wing, fin		2
200	wipe	torchañ, torchiñ	ˈtɔrʃǝ	to wipe		2
201	with	gant	gɑ̃n-t	with; by, because of, on the occasion of		1
202	woman	maouez	ˈmawɛs, ˈmowǝs	woman, wife		1
203	woods	koad	ˈkwaːt	forest, woods, piece of wood, beam		1
204	worm	preñv	prɛ̃v, prẽw	worm, larva		1
206	year	bloaz	blwaːs, ˈbloas	year		1
207	yellow	melen	ˈmeːlǝn	yellow, blond		1
205	you	c'hwi	ˈxwi, ˈhwi	you (2 pl.)		1

Count: 288